英美文化读本．中学．第1册pdf/doc/txt格式电子书下载

书名：英美文化读本．中学．第1册pdf/doc/txt格式电子书下载

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作者：（英）麦卡弗蒂ChristineMcCafferty,（美）莫泽DavidMoser

出版社：外语教学与研究出版社

出版时间：2010-10-01

书籍编号：30204967

ISBN：9787560099163

正文语种：中英对照

字数：41432

版次：1

所属分类：外语学习-英语读物

前言

学习英语必须了解英美文化，因为语言是文化的组成部分，是文化的载体，两者息息相关。大量事实表明，语言理解的障碍往往不在语言结构本身，而在相关文化知识的缺乏。何谓文化？从广义来说，文化是人类在社会和历史发展进程中创造的物质财富和精神财富的总和，包括文学、艺术、音乐、科学、技术、哲学、地理、建筑等。从狭义来说，文化是人们的生活方式、风俗习惯、行为准则等。所有这些，都需要用语言表达。英语有句名言：想要掌握两种语言，必须掌握两种文化。（To be bilingual，one must be bicultural．）英美文化对于广大的英语学习者的重要性可见一斑，而对于广大的一线英语教师来说，如果能够掌握广博的英美文化，不仅能够提升自己的文化素养，能够更加准确、传神地讲述教材，取得较好的教学效果，还能够进一步激发学生学习英语的兴趣和积极性，扩展他们的国际视野。

外研社基础教育分社经过长达四年的调查研究，广泛地听取了广大一线教师的意见，决定开发一套英美文化读本，以满足中小学英语教师的需求，并兼顾大专院校学生和一般读者的需求。为此，中方团队密切关注英美文化发展的最新态势，遵循国家《英语课程标准》的精神和中国学生学习英语的实际，提出选题方案，然后依据文章主题聘请各个领域的英美学者撰写书稿。在稿件完成后，中方专家又就内容和语言问题提出意见，请英美学者再进行修改和完善而成。

概括起来，这套读本具有以下特点：

一、内容充实，知识性和趣味性较强。两套读物涵盖了英美文化的诸多层面，从国情概况、国民性格、历史、地理、民族、建筑风格到民俗传统、文体生活、社会心态、旅游观光，向读者呈现出立体的、丰富多彩的英美社会风情。

二、材料新颖。两套读物紧跟时代潮流，对英美文化中出现的新人新事作了介绍，譬如在谈及英国文化名人时，除了介绍影响力甚广的丘吉尔、达尔文、莎士比亚等历史人物，还介绍了当今青少年极感兴趣的英国球星贝克汉姆和流行歌手罗比·威廉姆斯等；又如小学读本Clothes一章，除了介绍了服饰的历史发展和传统服装，还介绍了当代美国青少年中流行的着装风格等等。

三、语言规范，读者不仅可以多视角地熟悉英美文化，而且可以学到地道的英语。考虑到不同水平读者的需求，小学读本我们采取了中英对照的形式，以便读者准确理解文章的内涵。中学读本采取了注释的形式，对文中所涉及的具有特殊文化背景的内容加以解释，以便读者深入理解原文。

四、图文并茂。考虑到这套读物所涉及的诸多文化内容和现象与中国读者的日常生活存在一定距离，编辑特为文章精心挑选了与文字内容相对应的图片，使读者更加直观地了解文字内容。同时出版社还在英国对每篇文章进行了录音，呈现给读者的是一套文、图、音三者并举的读本，以提升读者的学习效果。

总之，我们相信，读者通过学习这套英美文化读本，将会提高跨文化交际的能力。书中疏漏之处，敬请读者不吝指教。

申立

2010年6月

Preface

There is a piece of advice often given to young people throughout the world by their parents：Be careful of marrying someone of a different background to you，and especially of a different culture．：Why is this warning given？While I do believe that people of different backgrounds and cultures can be very happily married，I also understand the wisdom of this advice．When we marry within our own culture we know that meeting our future partner\'s family is an important step — meeting them we get to understand more about the person that we want to marry．Their values，future aspirations and their place in society are very much determined by their family — and the place that they come from．It is no wonder then that so many people travel around the world only to meet and marry someone from their own home town！Now what if，when we meet the family of our future spouse，that person comes from a different culture？We often do not have the tools and understanding to \'judge\' who they \'are\' because their culture is so different from ours．We might assume a great deal about their values，ambitions in life and the type of people they are as well as their financial status，without in fact even knowing what is \'normal\' for their culture，let alone family background．

This lack of cultural understanding can be related to many similar situations．Think about meeting friends who are foreigners，going to a different country to study，doing business with a person of another culture or even learning a new language — there is so much about the culture of the person or people who you are dealing with that you don\'t understand and don\'t know how to judge．You could find it bewildering，frustrating or deeply unsettling．This British and American Culture Reader Series aims to break down some of that confusion when facing and learning about English speakers，and their language，for the first time．Many Chinese English-language students feel intimidated by their lack of understanding of English speakers．This fear of the unknown means that they do not embrace their English learning，and do not excel at it．They do not achieve their potential．Breaking down this fear of the unknown by bringing understanding will free students to enjoy their English learning more．

This series will form an excellent background and context to English learning and reading．It is a well-known fact that when we understand something better，we learn it better．In the same way，if we better understand the people whom we are speaking to，whose work we are reading and whose songs we are singing，we will better remember and learn the language that they speak．

Too often we learn the grammar and vocabulary of English in a mechanical way without understanding the people factor behind it．Most of the teaching materials that are available are dry and academic．They are the building blocks of the language but do not give us insight into the feel and spirit of the culture behind the language．We need to understand the context of the people who speak the language — their sense of humour，history，beliefs，fears，home life，work environments，pastimes，problems，aspirations and goals — then the language comes alive for us．This series vividly depicts the fabric of Western society from the perspectives of ordinary people — and their own experiences of life．These viewpoints will bring alive to you the Western way of life with all its contradictions，tensions — and shared convictions．

When you hear something said in English，you need to ask yourself why — why are they saying that and what do they mean by those words？When your English-speaking friend tells you he has two weeks holiday this year — does he think it is a little，or does he think it is a lot？When your British friend invites you to go down the pub — why down the pub and not to his house？When

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