50 Classic essays：经典随笔50首（英文原版)pdf/doc/txt格式电子书下载

书名：50 Classic essays：经典随笔50首（英文原版)pdf/doc/txt格式电子书下载

推荐语：英文原版，免费下载配套朗读

作者：（英）伯特兰·罗素（BertrandRusell）,弗兰西斯·培根（FrancisBacon）、

出版社：天津人民出版社

出版时间：2013-12-01

书籍编号：30155941

ISBN：9787201084794

正文语种：英文

字数：111722

版次：1

所属分类：外语学习-英语读物

50 Classic essays

经典随笔50首
（英文）

（英）伯特兰·罗素（Bertrand Rusell） 弗兰西斯·培根（Francis Bacon） 等 著

天津人民出版社

01 ALL IS NOT GOLD THAT GLITTERS

By Vanity Fair

THE city has been afflicted for a short time by a curious eruption，a breaking out of jewelry stores with“large placards in their windows，inscribed，”“Take your Choice for One Dollar．”

It is all very well to tell a fellow to take his Choice，but there is，in these windows，nothing Choice to take．

Why should we，or any man，be anxious to possess various small fragments of brass，stamped in fantastic forms，and“of no value except to the loser？”

These storekeepers announce their wares at Rare bargains，but we believe—we know，in fact，that this sort of bargain is greatly Overdone．

SPUYTENTUYFEL，who is inclined to be metaphysical，says that the affair is based on a philosophical principle．Every man thinks that there are a few good articles and a great many bad ones in these One Dollar jewehly-mills：and Every man also thinks that he is shrewd enough to pick out the thing upon which the dealer makes no profit．Every man rushes in，then planks down his dollar，and carries off a-What-is-it？—a connecting link between brass and copper！

It is suggested，however，that there is some gold in the rings，pins，brooches，lockets，pencil-cases，etc．etc．，of the One Dollar shops．Oreide，the composition of which they are made，is said to give off，in vapor，when assayed，a faintly infinitesimal quantity of gold．That which remains，is infinitesimally less！

We know of a young lady，to whom some gentleman，more benevolent than judicious，presented a chain，bought as a“Rare Bargain”for one dollar．The maiden，having no rooted antipathy to ornaments of any kind，twined the chain about her neck．At night，when making her toilette de nuit，she observed a dark leadcolored ring about her snowy and swan-like throat，reminding her of ELSIE VENNER and some more of a young woman mentioned on page 55 of ALDRICH\'s last volumes of poems，who had—“a dark blue scar on her throat．”

The next day，this young lady of the chain told a friend that the gold had been polished with whiting or something，that blackened her neck．She was duly surprised to learn that it was only brass，and thundering poor brass at that．

The One Dollar jewels are，in fact，much inferior to the average of decent bell-pulls．

The result of this explosion of jewelry is painful．Of course，it plays the dickens with the legitimate business，and the consequence is，that all the respectable stores have to inaugurate a One Dollar department，in which they sell as bad jewelry as anybody．The metropolis is inundated with it．The East Side absolutely gleams，glitters，glows，glares，shines，shimmers and scintillates with it．Every bookbinderess and prentice boy possesses a mass of trinkets that，in size and number at least，rival the Crown Jewels of many a kingdom．

And they tell us that the country-the far and pleasing agricultural districts—swarm with similar shops！Woe！woe to the Arcadian loiterer of the coming Summer！AMARYLLIS will shine in tawdry bracelets，and DAPHNIS will sport a hideous locket．A monstrous mosaic will rise and fall upon the bosom of PHILLIS，and the sheep will gaze in wonder upon the gorgeous guard-chain of their formosum pastor CORYDON！

But when the Summer has come and gone-when the moist air and earthy exhalations of the country shall have done their work，AMARYLLIS will look with disgust upon a pile of greenish and odorous things，stained and blackened by verdigris，and say，with a regretful voice：“These are my jewels！”

02 AN ANSWER TO THE QUESTION：“WHAT IS ENLIGHTENMENT？”

By Immanuel Kant

Enlightenment is man\'s emergence from his self-incurred immaturity．Immaturity is the inability to use one\'s own understanding without the guidance of another．

This immaturity is self-incurred if its cause is not lack of understanding，but lack of resolution and courage to use it without the guidance of another．The motto of enlightenment is therefore：Sapere aude！Have courage to use your own understanding！

Laziness and cowardice are the reasons why such a large proportion of men，even when nature has long emancipated them from alien guidance（naturaliter maiorennes），nevertheless gladly remain immature for life．For the same reasons，it is all too easy for others to set themselves up as their guardians．

It is so convenient to be immature！If I have a book to have understanding in place of me，a spiritual adviser to have a conscience for me，a doctor to judge my diet for me，and so on，I need not make any efforts at all．I need not think，so long as I can pay；others will soon enough take the tiresome job over for me．

The guardians who have kindly taken upon themselves the work of supervision will soon see to it that by far the largest part of mankind（including the entire fair sex）should consider the step forward to maturity not only as difficult but also as highly dangerous．Having first infatuated their domesticated animals，and carefully prevented the docile creatures from daring to take a single step without the leading-strings to which they

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