书名：数控技术专业英语（第3版）pdf/doc/txt格式电子书下载

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作者：汤彩萍著

出版社：电子工业出版社

出版时间：2013-07-01

书籍编号：30467439

ISBN：9787121208508

正文语种：中文

字数：48882

版次：3

所属分类：教材教辅-中职/高职

版权信息

书名：数控技术专业英语（第3版）

作者：汤彩萍

ISBN：9787121208508

版权所有 · 侵权必究

前　　言

今天，从乡镇企业的小车间到大城市的500强企业，数控机床无处不在。这些创新性的机床触及制造业的方方面面，因此从事制造业的每个人都必须很清楚这些复杂的机床的功能。在快速发展的数控技术专业领域，大量的原版英文技术资料和Internet提供的最新技术信息与动态，使得英语的掌握对于专业技术的学习和提高有着举足轻重的作用。

专业英语课程同高职院校的其他课程一样，注重实践性和应用性，讲究能力的训练。作为技术语言类课程，其实践性不仅仅体现在专用的实验实训设备上，更应通过大量的阅读、大量的习题训练来体现。题干为专业知识的任务型习题不仅能够培养学生英语应用能力和解决实际问题的能力，而且体现了用英语学技术的双语教学理念。

本教材采用项目教学思想组织，分数控就业、数控概念、数控基础、数控机床、插补类型、补偿类型、编程结构、CAD/CAM、高速加工、数控操作、数控机床维护、自动化工厂、数控营销等13个项目，涵盖数控相关技术及其涉及的语言点和词汇。

在第3版的编写过程中，力求体现下列特点：

1. 取材基本上源于英美文献原著、美国数控机床制造厂商文件以及网上提供的最新技术信息。编写时对原文只作删节，不作改写。对选取的文章，力求文笔流畅，用简单形象的比喻来说明数控机床的工作原理和功能，具有一定的趣味性，让读者感觉轻松。

2. 较第1、2版增加了大容量的图片和习题，提高了内容的直观性和专业的可视性，使自主学习更有可能。采用具体的机床数控产品为例，相关信息在习题中以背景资料的形式出现，图文并茂，帮助学生克服专业理解的困难。习题形式多样，重点设计了工作任务式习题，考查学生的专业英语应用能力。

3. 由于数控操作是数控专业英语学习中最有效的学习项目，而FANUC系统是中国车间使用最多、各院校最易得的数控设备，因此在第3版中，一改第1、2版中以HAAS系统作为学习载体，代之以FANUC系统的面板学习及操作，迎合了绝大多数读者的需求。

4. 在语境中学习词汇。采取在上下文中找近义词、反义词等方式，或在一定的语境下进行词类形式的变换，或用英语解释专业词汇的方式锻炼学生“think in English”的能力，实用性强。

5. 书的最后列附录，如将常用缩略语、专业词汇按字母顺序列表，便于读者查询。

6. 结合教学内容，穿插介绍专业英语翻译的基本技巧。

本书的读者群是将来直接从事数控机床工作的人员，学完本书，读者将对数控机床的功能、原理和使用有一个良好的理解。本书也适合将来并不直接与数控设备打交道的人员，学完本书，这些读者将对数控技术具备一些实用性的知识，能够顺畅地与同行交流数控机床方面的业务。

本书还配套有教师授课用电子课件、原版录像、习题解答等教学资源，教师可发邮件至tangcaipingtcp@163.com索取。本书电子课件可在华信教育资源网上免费下载。

本书得到美籍外教Satina Anziano女士的大力支持，在此表示感谢。

由于编者水平有限，敬请读者批评指正！

编　者

2013年2月

Unit 1　What computer-control programmers and operators do

Warm-up questions

1. In your sense, what do computer-control programmers and operators do?

2. How much do you know about the employment opportunities related to CNC?

Part A　Text

Computer-control programmers and operators use computerized numerical control (CNC) machines to cut and shape precision products, such as automobile parts, machine parts, and compressors (see fig.1-1). CNC machines include machining tools such as lathes, multi-axis spindles, milling machines, and electrical discharge machines (EDM) (see fig.1-2), but the functions formerly performed by human operators are performed by a computer-control module1. CNC machines cut away material from a solid block of metal, plastic, or glass-known as a workpiece-to form a finished part2. Computer-control programmers and operators normally produce large quantities of one part, although they may produce small batches or one-of-a-kind items. They use their knowledge of the working properties of metals and their skill with CNC programming to design and carry out the operations needed to make machined products that meet precise specifications3.

fig.1-1　precision products

fig.1-2　CNC machine tools

Before CNC programmers machine a part, they must carefully plan and prepare the operation4. First, these workers review three-dimensional computer aided design (CAD) blueprints of the part. Next, they calculate where to cut or bore into the workpiece, how fast to feed the metal into the machine, and how much metal to remove (refer to fig.9-1). They then select tools (see fig.1-3) and materials for the job and plan the sequence of cutting and finishing operations5.

Next, CNC programmers turn the planned machining operations into a set of instructions. These instructions are translated into a computer aided manufacturing (CAM) program containing a set of commands for the machine to follow. These commands normally are a series of numbers that describes where cuts should occur, what type of cut should be used, and the speed of the cut. CNC programmers and operators check new programs to ensure that the machinery will function properly and that the output will meet specifications. Because a problem with the program could damage costly machinery and cutting tools, computer simulations may be used to check the program instead of a trial run6. See fig.1-4. If errors are found, the program must be changed and retested until the problem is resolved. In addition, growing connectivity between CAD/CAM software and CNC machine tools is raising productivity by automatically translating designs into instructions for the computer controller on the machine tool7. These new CAM technologies enable programs to be easily modified for use on other jobs with similar specifications.

fig. 1-3　various cutting tools

fig. 1-4　computer simulation

After the programming work is completed, CNC operators perform the necessary machining operations. The CNC operators transfer the commands from the server to the CNC control module using a computer network link or floppy disk. Many advanced control modules are conversational, meaning that they ask the operator a series of questions about the nature of the task. CNC operators position the metal stock on the CNC machine tool- lathe, milling machine, or other- set the controls, and let the computer make the cuts. During the machining process, computer-control operators constantly monitor the readouts from the CNC control module, checking to see if any problems exist. During a machining operation, the operator modifies the cutting program to account for any problems encountered. Unique, modified CNC programs are saved for every different machine that performs a task.

CNC operators detect some problems by listening for specific sounds, for example, a dull cutting tool or excessive vibration. Dull cutting tools are removed and replaced. Machine tools rotate at high speeds, which can create problems with harmonic vibrations in the workpiece. Vibrations cause the machine tools to make minor cutting errors, hurting the quality of the product. Operators listen for vibrations and then adjust the cutting speed to compensate. In older, slower machine tools, the cutting speed would be reduced to eliminate the vibrations, but the amount of time needed to finish the product would increase as a result. In newer, high speed CNC machines, increasing the cutting speed normally eliminates the vibrations and reduces production time. CNC operators also ensure that the workpiece is being properly lubricated and cooled, because the machining of metal products generates a significant amount of heat.

Computer-control programmers and operators can advance in several ways. Experienced CNC operators may become CNC programmers, and some are promoted to supervisory or administrative positions in their firms. A few open their own shops.

Computer-control programmers and operators should have excellent job opportunities. Due to the limited number of people entering training programs, employers are expected to continue to have difficulty finding workers with the necessary skills and knowledge. Job growth in both occupations will be driven by the increasing use of CNC machine tools. Advances in CNC machine tools and manufacturing technology will further automate production, boosting CNC operator productivity and limiting employment growth. The demand for computer-control programmers will be negatively affected by the increasing use of software that automatically translates part and product designs into CNC machine tool instructions.

TECHNICAL WORDS

PHRASES

be known as　称为

small batches or one-of-a-kind items　单件小批量

account for (problems)　解决（问题）

prior to　在前，居先

carry out　(perform)　进行，完成

three-dimensional　(3D)　三维的

cut away　(remove)　切除

machine tool　机床

computerized numerical control　(CNC)　计算机数控

electrical discharge machine　(EDM)　电火花加工机

turning machine　(lathe)　车床

milling machine　(mill)　铣床

computer aided design　(CAD)　计算机辅助设计

computer aided manufacturing　(CAM)　计算机辅助制造

computer controller　计算机控制器，数控系统

CNC program　(NC program)　CNC/数控(加工)程序

trial run　试运行

floppy disk　软磁盘

cutting tool　(cutter)　刀具

cutting speed　切削速度

finished part　成品件

NOTES

1. CNC machines include machining tools such as lathes, multi-axis spindles, milling machines, and electrical discharge machines (EDM), but the functions formerly performed by human operators are performed by a computer-control module. 数控(CNC)机床包括车床、多轴机床、铣床和电火花机床(EDM)等，只不过以前由人工完成的功能现在由计算机控制模块完成。这里machining tools中的machine作为动词用(machining是其动名词形式)，是机加工的意思，机床是制造各种机器的工具，被称为工作母机，因此英语里“机床”往往用“machine tool”来表达。

2. CNC machines cut away material from a solid block of metal, plastic, or glass-known as a workpiece-to form a finished part. 数控机床从整块的金属、塑料或玻璃实体（称为工件）上切除材料，形成成品件。

3. They use their knowledge of the working properties of metals and their skill with CNC programming to design and carry out the operations needed to make machined products that meet precise specifications. 他们运用其金属材料特性方面的知识和数控编程方面的技能进行设计和加工，制造满足精度要求的机加工产品。needed为过去分词，作后置定语，修饰operations；that meet precise specifications是定语从句，说明products;machined为过去分词,作前置定语修饰products。

4. Before CNC programmers machine a part, they must carefully plan and prepare the operation. 在数控编程员加工零件之前，他们必须对整个加工过程进行仔细的规划和准备。

5. First, these workers review three-dimensional computer aided design (CAD) blueprints of the part. Next, they calculate where to cut or bore into the workpiece, how fast to feed the metal into the machine, and how much metal to remove. They then select tools and materials for the job and plan the sequence of cutting and finishing operations. 首先，这些工人查看零件的三维计算机辅助设计(CAD)图纸；接下来，他们计算切入或钻入工件的位置、工件的进给速度、金属的去除量；然后，他们选择适合工件的刀具和材料，制定粗加工和精加工操作的顺序。

6. Because a problem with the program could damage costly machinery and cutting tools, computer simulations may be used to check the program instead of a trial run. 因为程序有问题会对机床和刀具造成极大的损坏，因此可用计算机仿真的方法检查程序的正确性，而不用试运行的方法。

7. In addition, growing connectivity between CAD/CAM software and CNC machine tools is raising productivity by automatically translating designs into instructions for the computer controller on the machine tool. 另外，CAD/CAM软件与数控机床之间的联系日益紧密，CAD/CAM软件能自动将设计结果转换成机床的计算机控制器能接受的指令，这大大提高了生产率。参见UNIT 8。

Part B　Practi ce

Ⅰ. Translate the following words or phrases into English.

1. 精密产品　　　　　　　2. 加工零件(v.)

3. 精加工　　　　　　　　4. 切入点

5. 进给速度　　　　　　　6. 工件、作业

7. 更换刀具 　　　　　　 8. 符合规格

9. 修改程序 　　　　　　 10. 解决问题

11. 车床 　　　　　　　　12. 铣床

13. 镗床 　　　　　　　　14. 电火花加工机

15. 数控机床 　　　　　　16. 数控系统

17. 数控编程（员） 　　　18. 数控操作（员）

19. 冷却(n.) 　　　　　　20. 润滑(n.)

21. 强烈的振动 　　　　　22. 金属毛坯

23. 完成功能(v.) 　　　　24. 完成操作(v.)

Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks with the following words, changing their forms if necessary.

CAD,CAM,CNC,EDM,calculate,select,r

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