同等学力申请硕士学位英语考试高分范文100篇pdf/doc/txt格式电子书下载
本站仅展示书籍部分内容
如有任何咨询
请加微信10090337咨询
书名:同等学力申请硕士学位英语考试高分范文100篇pdf/doc/txt格式电子书下载
推荐语:
作者:同等学力申请硕士学位英语考试辅导用书编审委员会著
出版社:中国人民大学出版社
出版时间:2016-09-01
书籍编号:30498767
ISBN:9787300233888
正文语种:中英对照
字数:108000
版次:1
所属分类:教材教辅-公务员类
版权信息
书名:同等学力申请硕士学位英语考试高分范文100篇
作者:同等学力申请硕士学位英语考试辅导用书编审委员会
出版日期:2015-12-01
出版社:中国人民大学出版社
ISBN:9787300233888
。
免责声明:本站所有资源收集整理于网络,版权归原作者所有。
本站所有内容不得用于商业用途。本站发布的内容若侵犯到您的权益,请联系站长删除,我们将及时处理!
前言
编者
于北京大学
第1章 英语短文写作概述
作文是同等学力申请硕士学位考试英语试卷中分值较高、难度较大、考生不容易得高分的主观性试题。这部分内容既能测试考生对英语词汇、语法、修辞等的掌握和运用能力,同时也能测试考生的英语书面表达能力。因此,作文能真实地测试出考生综合运用英语书面语言的能力。在各种标准化英语考试中,作文都是必不可少的题型。
1.1 英语写作的基本要求
作文部分设1题,15分。考试时间为30分钟。要求考生在规定的时间内,按照题目要求用英语写出一篇不少于150个词的短文。考试形式为提纲作文、看图作文、描述图表作文,也有可能要求考生针对特定文章写内容提要或读后感等。
1.2 英语写作的具体提示信息
英语短文写作中的提示信息可以归纳成两大类:(1)文字提示,包括主题句、写作提纲、文字形式的规定情景;(2)文字、图、表。
(1)文字提示
考生根据给出的题目(title)、写作提纲(outline),按要求写短文。
例如:
Directions:For this part,you are to write a composition of no less than 120 words on The Qualities of the Cross-Century Talents.You should write according to the three-points outline given below.Please write it clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.
Outline:
1.跨世纪人才应具备哪些素质;
2.为什么需要具备这些素质;
3.怎样才能成为跨世纪人才。
(2)文字、图、表
考生应认真分析图表,充分理解题意。图、表主要包括各种形式的图画、漫画或照片以及各种形式的统计表、比率表、图示与统计数据相结合的图表等。
例1:Directions:In this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words on The Increase in the Number of Chinese Traveling Abroad.Study the following chart carefully and base your composition on the information given in the chart.
全国出境旅游人数(百万)
(1)State the changes in the number of Chinese traveling abroad in the past three years.
(2)Give possible reasons for the changes.
例2:Directions:Write a composition of at least 150 words based on the following picture.You should describe the picture,give your opinion on the topic,and use specific reasons and/or examples to support yourself.Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.
1.3 英语写作的高分标准
英语写作的高分标准涉及以下六个方面:
(1)内容切题。审题准、不跑题。文不对题会严重影响成绩,导致写作失败。
(2)表达清楚。语言要简洁、准确,条理清晰,主题明确。
(3)意义连贯。遣词造句得当,表达连贯平稳。论点、论据展开合理(以因果、对比、分类、定义、列举、概括、详情、时间、空间、过程或综合等方法展开)。
(4)句式有变化。采用适当的句式来表达相应的内容。常用句式包括简单句、并列句、复合句、主被动句、长句、短句、否定句、双重否定句、疑问句、反问句、倒装句、强调句、插入句、独立主格成分等。
(5)用词有变化。避免重复使用同一词汇,可适当使用代词、同义词、近义词、关联词,使表达富有动感。同义词的使用是衡量考生语言运用能力的一个尺度。
(6)语言规范。符合英语的表达习惯,语法错误少,写出的英语不是中式英语。
在下面的例子中,第一句话平淡无味,缺乏闪光点,第二句话为修改、润色后的句子,给人的感觉就大不一样。
例1:
People should know more.It’s important.
It’s important for people to have a wide range of knowledge.
例2:
Some reasons for____are:
There are several possible reasons for____as illustrated below.
例3:
We need love.We should offer love.
Not only do we need love,but also we should offer love to those who are in need.
例4:
The society is developing.So there are many changes.
With the development of society,many changes have taken place.
第2章 英语短文写作命题剖析
2.1 英语短文写作的考查要点
考查一篇作文的优劣主要有两个标准:内容和语言。
2.1.1 内容
内容切题,是指作文必须涵盖题目中提出的所有要求,如果有所遗漏,得分就很难达到12分以上了。叙述流畅指必须符合两个“C”的特征,即结构上紧凑(compact)、内容上具体(concrete),要求句子之间呈现出逻辑性和连贯性。一方面通过论证保证文章有序展开,另一方面通过逻辑联系实现句子和句子、段落和段落之间的衔接。
2.1.2 语言
语言主要包括用词、句子、语法、拼写和标点符号五个方面。12分以上的文章上述方面的错误很少,而12分以下的文章则错误较多。要想拿到作文高分,一方面要尽量减少语言错误,另一方面还要注意句子的变化和用词的丰富,这样,评卷人就可以看到作文中反映出的英语水平,对考生作出客观准确的评价。
2.2 英语短文写作程序
由于时间的限制及题型的要求,考生必须遵循一定的写作程序并且合理分配时间,以便从容地完成较高水平的写作。
2.2.1 审题
考生应仔细研究、理解题目,即根据题目所提供的条件和要求,来确定文章的内容、体裁和方法。审题主要包括审核要求、材料、文体、内容这几方面。
(1)要求
审查考题在格式、字数、时间、内容等诸多方面的具体要求。
(2)材料
审查考题在选材范围方面的要求,若考题对材料有特定的限制,考生则应在题目限制的范围内选取材料。
(3)文体
命题作文一般采用议论文文体;情景作文通常以描写文、叙述文为主;图表作文通常采用说明文形式。
(4)内容
审题的关键是了解题目在内容方面的要求以便决定写什么。
2.2.2 构思
选材围绕题目、提示、数据、图形和所给的提纲进行。考生应从自己熟悉的素材中筛选出最能表达和说明主题的内容,思路要灵活,想象要丰富,同时要有创新,避免落入写作俗套。
2.2.3 创作
下笔写作过程即段落的展开,考生要用贴切的词将自己的所思所想所感一层层地、明确地表达出来。在下笔写作的过程中注意不要脱离主题;注意利用过渡词和过渡句使句子和段落结构严谨连贯,也使内容更易于展开;写作时尽量不使用自己没有把握的词语和句型。
2.2.4 检查与修改
检查内容是否切题、论点是否明确、论据是否充分、结论是否合理。同时检查语法是否正确,语句是否通顺,用词是否贴切,数字是否符合要求,表达是否恰当,拼写是否正确,标点是否得当,等等。
2.3 英语短文写作的命题形式
2.3.1 英语短文写作题型——提纲式作文
2.3.1.1 提纲式作文高分模板
提纲式作文高分模板可以参考下面的形式。
第一种模板:说明利弊。
范本:
X now plays such an important part in so many people’s lives that it is essential for us to try to decide whether it is a blessing or curse.Obviously,X has both advantages and disadvantages.
As is often pointed out,X__________.However,(if not managed properly),others(who strongly object to it)maintain that X can create many problems too.__________.
For my part,whether the ultimate effect of X is good or not,one thing is certain that X in itself is neither good nor bad.It is the uses to which it is put that determine its value to society.
第二种模板:阐述主题。
范本1:
There is an old famous saying,“____________,”which means__________.It is the experience of our forefathers,however,it is correct in many cases even today.
A case in point is__________.
__________.Similarly,__________.
When it comes to__________,it is also the case.__________.
From what has been discussed above,we should understand the meaning of“____________”more clearly.On the one hand,____________.On the other hand,__________.The best way is to__________.__________.
范本2:
When it comes to(asked about)what kinds of__________,a considerable proportion(sizable percentage/vast majority)of__________answer(claim/believe)that__________.Contrary to the widely-held(popular)thought(belief),I prefer(think differently)to__________.In other words,__________.
The reasons why I have made this choice can be expressed as the following.On the one hand,__________.On the other hand,__________,I think it is better for me to__________.
For all these reasons,__________.At the same time,in order to__________.
第三种模板:展望未来。
范本:
With the rapid advances of____in recent years,____has____.However,____has____,as____.As a result,____has____.
The effects____has produced on____can be boiled down to two major ones.First,____.More importantly,____.Hence,I believe that we will see a____./Nevertheless,I do not think we will see a____.
There are numerous reasons why____,and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here.The first is that the more____,the more____.In addition,we all agree that____.
第四种模板:对立观点。
范本:
A and B have become a hot topic among people,especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.Many people are inclined to competition.In their opinion,A__________.They believe that,to some extent,A__________.
By contrast,there are still many people who won’t agree.They argue that B__________.
__________.
For my part,I think it reasonable that we advocate A.But we can’t ignore B____________.Only together with B will A__________.__________.
第五种模板:解决问题。
范本:
Man is now facing with a big problem—X,which is becoming more and more serious.In the first place,__________.
In the second place,__________.
__________.What makes things worse is that__________,taking__________for a shining example.
Confronted with X,we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.For one thing,__________.For another thing,__________.A case in point is that__________.__________.
In conclusion,we should know about the problem of X,and object to__________.__________.Only in this way can we__________in the future.
2.3.1.2 提纲式作文的写作要点
提纲式作文的写作要点如下:
(1)认真研究所给提纲
考生要注意领会提纲的含义,不要遗漏提纲要点或错误理解提纲的意思。
(2)确定各段的主题句
考生应根据所给提纲写出各段的主题句,合格的主题句应具备以下四个要点:
意义完整。主题句结构要完整,即结构符合语法规则;意义要完整,即主题句是一个符合逻辑的完整命题。
表意清晰。主题句要清晰明确,不使用意思含混的词或句子。
内容具体。主题句的内容要明确具体,否则不利于段落的扩展。
用词贴切。主题句一定要用词准确,简明达意,使段落的拓展有一个良好的基础。
(3)逐步展开段落
段落写作应围绕已列好的主题句进行,在写作过程中可稍加调整。
(4)检查与修改
检查考题所给提纲是否准确且完整地被表达于文章之中,如有偏差,应做相应的修改。
实例分析:
Directions:Write a composition of at least 150 words about the topic Good Health.You should write according to the outline given below:
Outline:
1.Importance of good health.
2.Ways to keep fit.
3.My own practices.
Write your essay on the ANSWER SHEET.
参考范文:
Good Health
The desire for health is universal.In a sense,good health can be translated into a prosperous career in a man’s life.Sound physical conditions provide energy for a man,thus enabling him to work more efficiently.On the other hand,it is hard to imagine that a man with poor health can work for long hours.Therefore,it is essential for people to keep fit.
Many options exist to help people keep healthy.For one thing,a man is expected to exercise regularly so that he can maintain good physical conditions.For another thing,a healthy man always chooses his diets wisely,because well-balanced meals always provide human body with nutritional elements.As long as people realize the important role of health in their work and life,they will consciously change their behaviors and enjoy a happy and healthy life.
I always attach great importance to health.For instance,I keep a habit of jogging in the morning,which always refreshes myself before I go into my office.Meanwhile.I always choose my diet carefully and avoid alcoholic drinks and cigarettes.Only in this way,I believe,can I maintain sound physical condition.
分析:
2.3.2 英语短文写作题型——看图题型作文
2.3.2.1 看图题型作文高分模板
确定写作模式实际上就是按照题目要求确定文章的整体结构。以下是图画式作文的模板,模仿并学会运用这些表达方式有利于快速提高这类作文的写作水平。
(1)开头句
This cartoon mirrors one of the problems in our lives...
The message the cartoon aims to convey is...
In recent years,there is a general tendency to...According to the cartoon,there is...,compared with...last year.Why...
From the c
....
本站仅展示书籍部分内容
如有任何咨询
请加微信10090337咨询